India is the seventh-largest country by the area and the second-most populous country in the world with more than 1.3 billion people. Census of 2011 showed there are 121 languages and out of them 22 are the official languages.

Browse through the table of contents to see the breakdown of languages of India in both tabular and infographic format.



Languages
Total Speakers in India
(based on census of 2011)
(in million) (in Crore / Lakh)
Total Speakers Worldwide
(in million) (in Crore / Lakh)
Spoken In
(Official and Secondary Langauges)
Official Language Also Spoken In
Language Family Writing System Language Code Ethnicity
Hindi (हिन्दी)
[Hindī]
Khadi Boli, Khari Boli
528 million 52.8 Crore
691 million 69.1 Crore
India, Bihar, Delhi, Haryana, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh. Mauritius, Fiji, Suriname, Guyana, Trinidad & Tabago and Pakistan.
Indo-Aryan
Devanagari
hi
Bengali (বাংলা)
[bɛŋˈɡɔːli]
Bangla
97 million 9.7 Crore
107 million 10.7 Crore
West Bengal, Tripura, Barak Valley region of the State of Assam Bay of Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh, Delhi, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Uttarakhand
Indo-Aryan
Bengali
bn
Bengalis
Marathi (मराठी, 𑘦𑘨𑘰𑘙𑘲)
[məˈrɑːti]
83 million 8.3 Crore
99 million 9.9 Crore
Maharashtra, Goa Parts of Gujarat, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh
Indo-Aryan
Devanagari
mr
Marathis
Telugu (తెలుగు)
[tɛlʊɡuː]
81 million 8.1 Crore
94 million 9.4 Crore
Andhra Pradesh, Telangana Odisha, Karnataka, Tamil nadu, Kerala, Punjab, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, and Andaman and Nicobar Island
Dravidian
Telugu Alphabet
te
Telugu people
Tamil (தமிழ்)
[tæmɪl]
69 million 6.9 Crore
77 million 7.7 Crore
Tamil Nadu Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and the Union Territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Island
Dravidian
Tamil (Brahmic)
ta
Tamil people
Gujarati (ગુજરાતી)
[ɡʊdʒəˈrɑːti]
55 million 5.5 Crore
60 million 6.0 Crore
Gujarat Mumbai
Indo-Aryan
Gujarati Script (Brahmic)
gu
Gujaratis, Parsis
Urdu (اُردُو)
[ʊərdu:]
50 million 5.0 Crore
62 million 6.2 Crore
Pakistan, Jammu and Kashmir Delhi, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, West bengal
Indo-Aryan
Perso-Arabic (Urdu Alphabet)
ur
Urdu-speaking people
Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ)
[kɑːnədə]
Kanarese
43 million 4.3 Crore
58 million 5.8 Crore
Karnataka Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Kerala, Goa
Dravidian
Kannada Script
kh
Kannadiga
Odia (ଓଡ଼ିଆ)
[əˈdiːə]
Oriya
37 million 3.7 Crore
42 million 4.2 Crore
Odisha West Bengal, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh
Indo-Aryan
Odia Script
or
Odias
Malayalam (മലയാളം)
[ˌmæləˈjɑːləm]
34 million 3.4 Crore
35 million 3.5 Crore
Kerala, Lakshadweep and Puducherry Karnataka, Tamil Nadu
Dravidian
Malayalam script (Brahmic)
ml
Malayali
Punjabi (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ)
[pənˈdʒaːbːi]
Gurmukhi
33 million 3.3 Crore
36 million 3.6 Crore
Punjab region of India & Pakistan
Indo-Aryan
Gurmukhi
pa
Punjabis
Assamese (অসমীয়া)
[æsəˈmiːz]
Asamiya
15 million 1.5 Crore
Assam Arunachal Pradesh, Nagamese, Nagaland
Indo-Aryan
Eastern Nagari
as
Assamese
Maithili (मैथिली)
[Maithilī]
13.5 million 1.35 Crore
States of Bihar Jharkhand
Indo-Aryan
Tirhuta (Mithilakshar)
mai
Maithil
Santali (ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ)

Santhali
7.3 million 73 Lakh
Assam, Bihar, Jharkhand Mizoram, Odisha, Pripura, West Bengal
Austroasiatic
Ol Chiki script
sat
Santal
Kashmiri (كٲشُر)
[kæʃˈmɪəri]
Koshur
6.7 million 67 Lakh
Jammu and Kashmir
Dardic
Perso-Arabic Script
ks
Kashmiris
Nepali (नेपाली)
[nɪˈpɔːli]
Khas Kura
2.9 million 29 Lakh
27.9 million 2.79 Crore
Nepal (Oldest Country in South Asia and the Birth place of Lord Buddha) Sikkim, Darjeeling, Kalimpong
Indo-Aryan
Devanagari
ne
Khas
Sindhi (سنڌي)
[ˈsɪndi]
2.7 million 17 Lakh
Sindh
Indo-Aryan
Perso-Arabic (Naskh)
sd
Sindhis
Dogri

2.5 million 25 Lakh
Jammu Region Himachal Pradesh, Northern Punjab
Indo-Aryan
Dogra Akkhar version of Takri script
doi
Dogras
Konkani (कोंकणी)
[Kōṅkaṇī]
2.3 million 23 Lakh
Goa Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala, Gujarat, Dadra, nagar haveli, Daman and Diu
Indo-Aryan
Devanagari
kok
Konkani people
Manipuri (ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ)
[mənɪˈpʊri]
Meitei, Meetai
1.8 million 18 Lakh
Manipur Assam, Tripura
Indo-Aryan
Meetei Mayek
mni
Meitei, Pangal
Boro (बर/बड़)
[bɔɽo]
Bodo
1.4 million 14 Lakh
Northeast India, Bengal Assam
Sino-Tibetan
Devanagari
brx
Boro People
Sanskrit (संस्कृत)
[ˈsænskrɪt]
Samskrta
< 1 million
2.3 million 23 Lakh
South Asia
Indo-Aryan
Brahmi Script
sat

Infographic of Languages of India




Hindi (हिन्दी, ISO: Hindī) - also known as "Khadi Boli, Khari Boli", is an Indo-Aryan language spoken as a first language by people in the Indian sub-continent of Asia.

It is an official language in India, Bihar, Delhi, Haryana, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh. Besides, Hindi is also spoken in Mauritius, Fiji, Suriname, Guyana, Trinidad & Tabago and Pakistan.

There are 528 million (52.8 Crore) total speakers of Hindi in India and another 691 million (69.1 Crore) as second language speakers across the world.



Bengali (বাংলা, ISO: bɛŋˈɡɔːli) - also known as "Bangla", is an Indo-Aryan language spoken as a first language by Bengalis people.

It is an official language in West Bengal, Tripura, and the Barak Valley region of the State of Assam. Besides, Bengali is also spoken in Bay of Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh, Delhi, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Uttarakhand

There are 97 million (9.7 Crore) total speakers of Bengali in India and another 107 million (10.7 Crore) as second language speakers across the world.



Marathi (मराठी, 𑘦𑘨𑘰𑘙𑘲, ISO: məˈrɑːti), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken as a first language by Marathis people in India.

It is an official language in Maharashtra and Goa. Besides, Marathi is also spoken in Parts of Gujarat, Karnataka, and Madhya Pradesh.

There are 83 million (8.3 Crore) total speakers of Marathi in India and another 99 million (9.9 Crore) as second language speakers across the world.



Telugu (తెలుగు, ISO: tɛlʊɡuː), is an Dravidian language spoken as a first language by Telugu people.

It is an official language in Andhra Pradesh, Telangana. Besides, Telugu is also spoken in Odisha, Karnataka, Tamil nadu, Kerala, Punjab, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, and Andaman and Nicobar Island.

There are 81 million (8.1 Crore) total speakers of Telugu in India and another 94 million (9.4 Crore) as second language speakers across the world.



Tamil (தமிழ், ISO: tæmɪl), is an Dravidian language spoken as a first language by Tamil people.

It is an official language in Tamil Nadu. Tamil is also spoken in Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and the Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Island.

There are 69 million (6.9 Crore) total speakers of Tamil in India and another 77 million (7.7 Crore) as second language speakers across the world.



Gujarati (ગુજરાતી, ISO: ɡʊdʒəˈrɑːti), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken as a first language by Gujaratis, Parsis people.

It is an official language in Gujarat. Gujarati is also spoken in Mumbai as a secondary language and in other parts of the world.

There are 55 million (5.5 Crore) total speakers of Gujarati in India and another 60 million (6.0 Crore) as second language speakers across the world.



Urdu (اُردُو, ISO: ʊərdu:), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken as a first language by Urdu-speaking people.

It is an official language in Pakistan, Jammu and Kashmir. Besides, Urdu is also spoken in Delhi, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, and West bengal.

There are 50 million (5.0 Crore) total speakers of Urdu in India and another 62 million (6.2 Crore) as second language speakers across the world.



Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ, ISO: kɑːnədə) - also known as "Kanarese", is an Dravidian language spoken as a first language by Kannadiga people.

It is an official language in Karnataka. Besides, Kannada is also spoken in Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Kerala, and Goa.

There are 43 million (4.3 Crore) total speakers of Kannada in India and another 58 million (5.8 Crore) as second language speakers across the world.



Odia (ଓଡ଼ିଆ, ISO: əˈdiːə) - also known as "Oriya", is an Indo-Aryan language spoken as a first language by Odias people.

It is an official language in Odisha. Odia is also spoken in West Bengal, Jharkhand, and Chhattisgarh.

There are 37 million (3.7 Crore) total speakers of Odia in India and another 42 million (4.2 Crore) as second language speakers across the world.



Malayalam (മലയാളം, ISO: ˌmæləˈjɑːləm), is an Dravidian language spoken as a first language by Malayali people.

It is an official language in Kerala, Lakshadweep and Puducherry. Besides, Malayalam is also spoken in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.

There are 34 million (3.4 Crore) total speakers of Malayalam in India and another 35 million (3.5 Crore) as second language speakers across the world.



Punjabi (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ, ISO: pənˈdʒaːbːi) - also known as "Gurmukhi", is an Indo-Aryan language spoken as a first language by Punjabis people.

It is an official language in the Punjab region of India & Pakistan. Besides, Punjabi is also spoken in other parts of the world.

There are 33 million (3.3 Crore) total speakers of Punjabi in India and another 36 million (3.6 Crore) as second language speakers across the world.



Assamese (অসমীয়া, ISO: æsəˈmiːz) - also known as "Asamiya", is an Indo-Aryan language spoken as a first language by Assamese people.

It is an official language in Assam. Besides, Assamese is also spoken in Arunachal Pradesh, Nagamese and Nagaland.

There are 15 million (1.5 Crore) total speakers of Assamese in India and other parts of the world.



Maithili (मैथिली, ISO: Maithilī), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken as a first language by Maithil people.

It is an official language in the States of Bihar. Besides, Maithili is also spoken in Jharkhand.

There are 13.5 million (1.35 Crore) total speakers of Maithili in India and other parts of the world.

Click here to translate in Maithili.



Santali (ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ) - also known as "Santhali", is an Austroasiatic language spoken as a first language by Santal people.

It is an official language in Assam, Bihar and Jharkhand. Santali is also spoken in Mizoram, Odisha, Pripura, and West Bengal.

There are 7.3 million (73 Lakh) total speakers of Santali in India and other parts of the world.



Kashmiri (كٲشُر, ISO: kæʃˈmɪəri) - also known as "Koshur", is an Dardic language spoken as a first language by Kashmiris people.

It is an official language in the Jammu and Kashmir.

There are 6.7 million (67 Lakh) total speakers of Kashmiri in India and other parts of the world.



Nepali (नेपाली, ISO: nɪˈpɔːli) - also known as "Khas Kura", is an Indo-Aryan language spoken as a first language by Khas people.

It is an official language in Nepal (Oldest Country in South Asia and the Birthplace of Lord Buddha). Besides, Nepali is also spoken in Sikkim, Darjeeling, and Kalimpong.

There are 2.9 million (29 Lakh) total speakers of Nepali as a second language in India and another 27.9 million (2.79 Crore) as official language in Nepal.



Sindhi (سنڌي, ISO: ˈsɪndi), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken as a first language by Sindhis people.

It is an official language in Sindh.

There are 2.7 million (17 Lakh) total speakers of Sindhi in India and other parts of the world.



Dogri is an Indo-Aryan language spoken as a first language by Dogras people.

It is an official language in Jammu Region. Besides, Dogri is also spoken in Himachal Pradesh, and Northern Punjab.

There are 2.5 million (25 Lakh) total speakers of Dogri in India and other parts of the world.



Konkani (कोंकणी, ISO: Kōṅkaṇī), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken as a first language by Konkani people.

It is an official language in Goa. Besides, Konkani is also spoken in Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala, Gujarat, Dadra, nagar haveli, Daman and Diu.

There are 2.3 million (23 Lakh) total speakers of Konkani in India and other parts of the world.



Manipuri (ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ, ISO: mənɪˈpʊri) - also known as "Meitei, Meetai", is an Indo-Aryan language spoken as a first language by Meitei, Pangal people.

It is an official language in Manipur. Besides, it is also spoken in Assam, and Tripura.

There are 1.8 million (18 Lakh) total speakers of Manipuri in India and other parts of the world.



Boro (बर/बड़, ISO: bɔɽo) - also known as "Bodo", is an Sino-Tibetan language spoken as a first language by Boro people.

It is an official language in Northeast India and Bengal. Boro is also spoken in Assam.

There are 1.4 million (14 Lakh) total speakers of Boro in India and other parts of the world.



Sanskrit (संस्कृत, ISO: ˈsænskrɪt) - also known as "Samskrta", is an Indo-Aryan language.

It is an official language in South Asia.

There are around 24821 total speakers of Sanskrit in India and another 2.3 million (23 Lakh) as second language speakers across the world.

Hindi alphabet chart with Hindi Vowels, Hindi Consonants & Hindi Numerals
Download High quality Bangla Keyboard layout in 5 different colour modes.
Download High quality Hindi Keyboard layout in 5 different colour modes.
Download High quality Bangla Keyboard layout in 5 different colour modes.
Best Hindi fonts for FREE. ANSI, Unicode and Google Web Fonts.
Download Best Malayalam fonts for FREE. ANSI, Unicode & Google Web Fonts.
Hindi Currency Exchange
Currency Unit Nepali Rs.
U. S Dollar 1 Dollar ($) 134.6358 Rs
UK Pound 1 Pound (£) 170.7667 Rs
Euro 1 Euro 142.6152 Rs
Malaysian Ringgit 1 M. Ringgit 30.1367 Rs
Saudi Riyal 1 S. Riyal 35.8631 Rs
Bahrain Dinar 1 Dinar 357.2067 Rs
Qatari Riyal 1 Q. Riyal 37.0497 Rs